now; soon; already; yet; further; more
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
so; like this; in this way
spare time; free time; time (e.g. time it takes to do something); time off; day off; quitting (one's job); firing someone
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
summer vacation; summer holiday
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
in that way; thus; so; so?
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
moon viewing (esp. during the eight month of the lunar calendar)
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
letter; missive; note; mail
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
(one's) older sister; (one's) elder sister; girl
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
adds force or indicates command
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
studying abroad; studying at a different school, etc. (usu. for a specific purpose)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)