yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
book; volume; this; present; main; head
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
daydream; fantasy; fancy; vision
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
don't you think?; indicates question
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
story; tale; talk; discussion
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
tortoise; turtle; heavy drinker; turtle crest; turtle mon
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
China; Chūgoku region (western part of Honshu comprising the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Tottori and Shimane); central part of a country; main region; province of the second lowest rank (ritsuryo system)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
one day; all day (long); throughout the day; first day of the month
1000 ri; (a) long distance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
tatami mat (esp. as a measure of room size, either 1.82 sqm or 1.54 sqm)
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
moustache; beard; whiskers (on a cat, etc.); feelers (on an insect, etc.); shadow (on a candlestick chart)
to grow long (e.g. hair, nails); to lengthen; to extend; to reach out; to hold out; to straighten; to smooth out
grandfather; male senior-citizen
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine