today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with something; handling; administration
to joke; to jest; to make fun of; to laugh at; to romp; to gambol
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
very hard; with utmost effort; as hard as one can; with all one's might; for dear life; eagerly
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
please (give me); please (do for me)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
understood; I see; OK; present; here
good luck charm; uttered when using magic; abracadabra; presto
card (information, filing, etc.); card (greetings, congratulations, etc.); (Western) playing cards; credit card; debit card; match; game
now; the present time; just now; another; more
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
results; record; grades; marks
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
diet; losing weight by any method (e.g. exercise)
love; love-making; passion; emotion; affections
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
by means of; due to; because of; according to
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
wish; dream; prayer; one's desire
to come true (of a wish, prayer, etc.); to be realized; to suit (e.g. a purpose); to meet (wishes, ideals, etc.); to match (implies competition); to rival
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
suffix for familiar person