today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
bento; Japanese box lunch
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
extravagant; lavish; opulent; luxurious; magnificent; splendid
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to help; to assist; to aid; to contribute to; to be a factor in
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
now; the present time; just now; another; more
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
actual spot; scene (of a crime, accident, etc.); (on) site; (on) the ground; filming location; (movie) set
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
popular name; common name; nickname; alias
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
hey there; I say; see here
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
alone; by oneself; on one's own
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)