today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to get tired of; to lose interest in; to be fed up with; to have enough
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
guest; visitor; customer; client; shopper
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do
(another's) daughter; young lady (of pampered upbringing); woman who has never known hardship; naive woman
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
idea; plan; draft; rough copy; expectation; (arch.) desk
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity