teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
certainly; without fail; right and wrong; pros and cons
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
is it?; isn't it?; be; is
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
spring break; spring vacation
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to wave; to shake; to sprinkle; to throw (dice); to cast (actor); to allocate (work); to turn down (somebody)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
door (Western-style, car, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to talk; to chat; to chatter
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to fill in (field, entry, etc.); to fill out (form); to post a message (e.g. on a bulletin-board); to store; to write (data); to flash
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
alone; by oneself; on one's own
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
anxiety; uneasiness; worry; apprehension; fear; insecurity
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already