century; era; of the century (e.g. fight of the century)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
discovery; detection; finding
revolutionary (e.g. technology)
energy; energy; strength; energy source; energy resource; food energy
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
structure; construction; makeup; framework; organization; pattern
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shake; to swing; to sway; to shock
vast; extensive; immense; huge; large; grand
burying in the ground; having underground deposits
area; zone; (lit.) belt (of land)
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
large country; major nation; great power; province of the highest rank (ritsuryo system)
neighboring countries; surrounding countries
to gulp down; to swallow deeply; to understand; to take in; to engulf; to swallow up
expansion; swelling; increase; growth
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
after (practically) no time; immediately after; just; having no time to
opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
treaty; pact; convention; agreement
union; alliance; combination; RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
global scale; worldwide scale
great war; great battle; world war
outbreak (e.g. of war); outburst; sudden occurrence
several times; several degrees
inferiority (e.g. numerical); inferior position; disadvantage; unfavorable situation; unfavourable situation
to be forced to do or experience something (against one's will); to be forced to do something because one has no other choice
ground-breaking; revolutionary; unprecedented; epoch-making
development; exploitation
to start work (on); to undertake; to start committing a crime; embarkation; launch
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at that time; in those days
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
defect; fault; flaw; deformity; deficiency; shortage
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have