outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to detach; to decapitate; to cut loose; to let loose; to dismember
closing; closure; shutdown; lockout
box; box (in theatre); booth (in restaurant, etc.); small rectangular building (e.g. telephone box); rectangular field area (batter's box, catcher's box); box (calfskin); central 4x4 area (othello)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
fifth day of the month; five days
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
free time; time at leisure
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
monitoring; watching; observation; surveillance; guarding; supervision
not knowing at all (that); without the slightest idea (that); completely unaware (that)
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
un-; non-; negative prefix
hum; hmm; hm hm (light chuckle with mouth closed); uh-huh; mm; hmm
boo! (sound used to scare someone); ugh (dissatisfaction, aggravation); ulp (consternation)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
gotcha; alrighty; got it; OK
win; victory; beautiful scenery; scenic spot; counter for wins
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
new rice field; newly developed rice field; wasteland or marshland newly reclaimed as a rice field (Edo period)
staring-out (down) game; game in which two children looking at each other try to make the opponents laugh first; constant looking at something (e.g. the computer screen, the clock, etc.)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
pudding (esp. custard); black hair dyed blond but where the roots have again turned black
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
adds force or indicates command
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once