here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
please (give me); please (do for me)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
(place of) refuge; escape; exit; way out; shelter; hiding place
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
adds force or indicates command
king; queen; monarch; the Crown (as a focus of authority in the UK, etc.); the throne
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
by means of; due to; because of; according to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
distress; wretched condition
to escape from; to get out
in order to; for the purpose of; must; should
tradition; legend; folklore
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
rebel; traitor; insurgent
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
to start a journey; to embark on a trip; to set forth; to hit the trail
how; in what way; how about
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...