what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
lateness; tardiness; arriving late
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
shape; form; appearance; state; situation; suitable
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to step aside; to move (i.e. out of the way); to make way
had better ...; had better not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
drowning; flood; shipwreck
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
serious; not joking; straight
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
boo! (sound used to scare someone); ugh (dissatisfaction, aggravation); ulp (consternation)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
transfer student; student changing schools
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
established practice; custom
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)