indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
guest; visitor; customer; client; shopper
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
since some time ago; for some time; for quite a while
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
myself; yourself; I; me; you
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
by any chance; (should) it happen (that); by some chance
character (esp. kanji); letter; handwriting; penmanship; the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to hang (something) on (something); to throw on (clothes); to hook; to catch; to cheat; to evade payment; to drink (alcohol)
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
perhaps; possibly; maybe; if; in case; in the event that
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
enough; sufficient; sufficiently; fully; division into ten
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...