structural alteration (of a building); reconstruction; rebuilding; remodelling; remodeling
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
first of all; at once; right away; for now; for the time being
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
grandfather; male senior-citizen
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
honorific/polite/humble prefix
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be transparent; to leave a gap
after a long time; for the first time in a while
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed