Home Ministry; Department of the Interior (US, etc.); Home Office (UK); Ministry of Home Affairs (Japan, pre-1947)
peace preservation; security; safety
bureau; department; office (e.g. post, telephone); broadcasting station (e.g. television, radio); affair; situation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
salted salmon; fish wrapped in (bamboo) leaves
prime minister (as the head of a cabinet government); premier; leading; overseeing; leader
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
commission; proxy; power of attorney; authorization
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to stop by; to drop in for a short visit
surplus; margin; leeway; composure; placidity; complacency
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
have to (verb); must (verb); is indispensable; absolutely necessary
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
actual place; actual location; the spot; place where one is currently living
to send to; to deliver; to escort (a person) home
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
journey; trip; travels; during the journey; on the way; while travelling
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
trouble; burden; nuisance; care; dependence; support
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
adds force or indicates command
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work