indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
fear; dread; dismay; terror; horror; scare
jujitsu (classical Japanese martial art, usually referring to fighting without a weapon); jiujitsu; jujutsu
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
second (unit of time); arc second
headquarters; head office; main office
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
phantom; vision; illusion
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
now; the present time; just now; another; more
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
danger; peril; hazard; risk
to hide; to be hidden; to conceal oneself; to disappear
victory or defeat; match; contest; game