at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
older sister; elder sister
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
elegy; dirge; mournful melody
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
idea; plan; draft; rough copy; expectation; (arch.) desk
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
begging Zen priest of the Fuke sect (wearing a sedge hood and playing a shakuhachi flute)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
how; in what way; how about
suffix for familiar person
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
bringing certain death; deadly; knockout (blow)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)