ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
is it?; isn't it?; be; is
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
easy; simple; there's no way that ...
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
father; dad; husband; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
light; bright; bright (colour); cheerful; bright; bright (future, prospects, etc.); rosy
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
novel; story; (work of) fiction
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to sell (well); to be well known; to be popular; to be famous
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
by no means; never!; certainly (not); surely (not); something unexpected; emergency
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
just right (time, size, length, etc.)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
to buy; to purchase; to value (highly); to think highly of; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers)
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
worm-eaten; moth-eaten; holes eaten in clothing, leaves, etc. by caterpillars, moths, etc.; leaf warbler (any bird of genus Phylloscopus); chiffchaff
patching (clothing); darning; cobbling together (other people's writings, thoughts, etc.); gathering