from now; from the present moment; from this time forward; henceforth
study; diligence; discount; reduction
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
examination; exam; test; trial; experiment; test
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
time; hour; period; class
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
notebook; copy-book; note; noting down; (musical) note; laptop (computer)
copy; photocopy; blurb on a book jacket; catch copy
challenge; defiance; dare; attempt; try
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
character (esp. kanji); letter; handwriting; penmanship; the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
considerably; greatly; a lot
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to mix; to stir; to blend
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
waste; scrap; garbage; scum; piece of trash; loser
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
to gather; to collect; to assemble
hobby friend; friend gained through common interests or personality
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
and then; and so; and; so then
to take something into ...; to bring in; to lodge (a complaint); to file (a plan); to bring to (a state: tied game, vote, trial, etc.)
in that way; thus; so; so?
for example; for instance; e.g.
pencil case; pencil box; writing brush case
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
label (i.e. sticker); label (i.e. record label)
inside; interior; inner part
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof