indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(in a) long time; long time (ago); while (ago); long ago; long while (ago); (in a) long while
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become animated; to liven up; to become active
flag; banner (administrative division of Inner Mongolia)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
display window; shop window; store window
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
husband and wife; married couple
to decorate; to ornament; to display; to exhibit; to mark (e.g. the day with a victory); to adorn (e.g. the front page)
people; men and women; each person; everybody
gait; walk; stride; trace (e.g. of route taken by hunted criminal); track; trail
light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily); light (i.e. of foot); effortless; non-serious; minor; slight
to become brilliant; to become cheerful
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
shout of joy; cry of pleasure; jubilant comments
to fly about; to flutter about; to flit about; to fly past each other
people (of a country); nation; citizen; national
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
king; queen; monarch; the Crown (as a focus of authority in the UK, etc.); the throne
rule; reign; peaceful times
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to pin one's hope on; to look forward to; to look toward; to get one's hopes up
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
baron; Irish cobbler (variety of potato)
imperial court; royal court
furnished with; including; attached to; impression; appearance; luck; sociality
(social) position; status
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to ask for; to apply for; to make an application for; to file a request for; to submit (e.g. one's resignation)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
please; kindly; I beg of you; by all means; without fail