indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
treasure; precious article; picture of a treasure ship; money; cash
mountain; hill; mine; (mountain) forest; heap; pile; protruding or high part of an object
majestic; commanding; imposing; stately; dignified; with pomp and circumstance
behaving outrageously as though there were no one around; acting without consideration for others; arrogance; audacity; insolence
anywhere; for all time; through thick and thin; come hell or high water; persistently; stubbornly
to run swiftly; to speed; to dash; to charge ahead (in pursuit of some goal); to push forward
genius; prodigy; natural gift
by no means; never!; certainly (not); surely (not); something unexpected; emergency
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
Buddhist priest; bonze; layman dressed like a priest; person
name; given name; first name
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
in this way; like this; this (much); so; uh; er
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to leave alone; to leave as is; to ignore; to neglect
feeling; sense; impression
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
all kinds of things; various things; large number of people
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
territory (of country, feudal domain, etc.); (arch.) counter for suits of clothing, sets of armor, etc.
to face; to go towards; to head towards