indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
great antiquity; old-fashioned; long ago
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
exile; banishment; eviction; elimination (e.g. of poverty); removal
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
impossible; unlikely; improbable
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come alive; to get going; to start to move
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
probably isn't (doesn't, won't, etc.); don't (doesn't) intend to; intend not to; must not; (when used in an imperative sentence) don't
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
suffix for familiar person
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
to leak out (a secret); to be exposed (a lie, improper behaviour, etc.); to be found out; to get away (of fish)
to protect (someone); to look after (e.g. an injured leg); to defend; to cover for; to stand up for; to stick up for
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...