indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
in that way; thus; so; so?
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
style; manner; way; after (period of time) again (e.g. meeting again after a year); for the first time in (period of time)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
raw; uncooked; natural; as it is; unprotected (sex); live (i.e. not recorded); inexperienced
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
fortune-telling; divination
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to come and see (someone, something); to visit
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
transcendence; excellence; superiority
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
with trouble; at great pains; rare; valuable; kind; generous
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
please (give me); please (do for me)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
even so; all the same; nevertheless; yes, but ...
to lick; to lap; to taste; to experience (esp. a hardship); to look down on (someone); to make fun of
therefore; for that reason; such being the case
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
program (e.g. TV); programme
self-proclaimed; self-professed; professing oneself to be; calling oneself; first person
diviner; fortune teller; soothsayer
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)