indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
steady state; stable state
maintenance; preservation; improvement
observation; survey; measurement; opinion; prediction; thinking
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
decline; ebb; failure; decay; decrease; loss
oscillation; vibration; swing (e.g. of a pendulum)
to take into consideration; to bear in mind
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
not exceeding; and downward; below (e.g. standard); under (e.g. a level); the below-mentioned; the following
not worth considering; out of the question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
person in charge; senior staff; manager; chief; head
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
many times over; often; repeatedly; time after time
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
remote region; frontier (district); border(land)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; motivation; intention
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
building time; construction period
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner