hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
honorific/polite/humble prefix
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
than; from; out of; except; but; more
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
fortune-telling; divination
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
sleeping during the day; (afternoon) nap; siesta
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
to succeed (a person, to a position, etc.); to inherit; to patch (clothes); to mend; to add (e.g. charcoal to the fire); to replenish with
until then; till then; to that extent; the end of it; all there is to it
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively