you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
name; given name; first name
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
completion; conclusion; perfect (tense, form, aspect)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
uh-huh; mm-hmm; with a moan; with a groan
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
magical powers; supernatural powers; spell; charm
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
heh heh heh; tee-hee; giggle
between-meal snack; mid-afternoon (around 3 o'clock) snack; afternoon refreshment; afternoon tea
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
in perfect form; going swimmingly