to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
idiot; dummy; joker; fool; trickster
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
historical document; archives; old manuscript; pre-Meiji era document addressed to someone in particular
than; from; out of; except; but; more
republication; reissue; reprinting; reproduction
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to put on; to wear; to be clad in; to twine around; to twist around; to coil around
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
that's true; of course; obviously
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
outline; main points; generally; on the whole; general; rough
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
manners; etiquette; propriety; manner of production (esp. of prose, poetry, etc.); way of making
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
to pull out; to draw out; to omit; to leave out; to do to the end; to carry through; to let out (e.g. air from a tyre)
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
the front; honesty; uprightness; decency; normality
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
large; big; older; senior; final; ultimate
tomfoolery; foolish act; nonsense; fool; idiot
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(some) more; even more; longer; further