indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
this world; this life; world of the living
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
good; goodness; right; virtue
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to shine on; to illuminate; to compare (with); to refer to
Buddha; Shakyamuni; Buddhist image; figure of Buddha; the dead; dead person
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
cruel; merciless; atrocious; pitiful; tragic; horrible
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
to rise (of a building, mountain, etc.); to tower; to soar
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
inner part; interior; living quarters (at the back of a house); inner room; recesses (of one's mind); bottom (of one's heart)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to crouch; to squat; to cower
corruption; immorality; lapse from virtue; fall from virtue
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
beyond that point; after that
to stand still (for a while); to remain in one place; to stand alone (of a building, statue, tree, etc.); to stand quietly; to wander about; to loiter
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
office worker; company employee; company man; salaryman
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to kill; to beat to death