person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
grain thief; sharpened tube for testing rice in bags; sashimi (sliced raw fish); stabbing; piercing
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
unskillful; poor; awkward; imprudent; untactful
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
letter; missive; note; mail
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
home country; one's own country; suzerain country (from the perspective of the vassal state); colonizing country; country of one's ancestors; this country
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
to hit (e.g. one's head); to strike; to throw (e.g. a ball, a question, a demand); to express; to vent (e.g. one's anger)
reimbursement; compensation; reparation; indemnity
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
really; truly; indeed; good grief
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky
one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
pastor; minister; clergyman; reverend
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)