indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
last; final; closing; last train (bus, flight, etc.; of the day)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
departure; departing (from ...); sending; sent (by ...); engine; counter for gunshots, bursts of gas, etc.
completion; conclusion; perfect (tense, form, aspect)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
dot; spot; mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; point (in a game); score; point (in geometry)
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
least; lowest; worst; awful; horrible; at the very least
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
how; in what way; how about
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
all; whole; entire; complete (set); in total