indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
to gain experience; to accumulate experiences
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
emotion; feeling; feelings; sentiment
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
topic of discussion; agenda
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
program (e.g. theatre, theater); programme; (theatrical) piece; number; performance
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (somebody) for advice
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
main constituent; core; nucleus; subject (philosophical); protagonist
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
be considered; be deemed; be thought to be
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
festival; feast; carnival
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
to the end; to the bitter end; to the last; after all; it must be remembered; only
lesson; class work; teaching; instruction
link (e.g. in a chain of events); part (of a plan, campaign, activities, etc.); monocyclic
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...