indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to be called; to do
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
mess; sorry state; -ways; -wards; in the act of ...; just as one is ...
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
(your) business; (your) concern; (customer's) order; official business (of the government, Imperial Court, etc.); arrest; capture
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
being settled quickly; reaching a quick conclusion; no need to say any more; no problem
frank; candid; straightforward; openhearted; direct; outspoken
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
library; book series; library (software, modules, images, etc.)
getting (something); obtaining; scoring (goal, point, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
thicket; bush; grove; (medical) quack
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
story; tale; legend; plot; storyline
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
vanguard; advance-guard point; advance detachment; vanguard; pioneer; avant-garde
only natural; no wonder; as expected; of course; as it should be
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all