to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
now; the present time; just now; another; more
scale (of fish, snake, etc.); serif (on kana or kanji (e.g. in Mincho font))
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to ring; to sound; to be popular; to be esteemed; to state; to insist
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
wind; gas; fart; something worthless; something not worth considering
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
light; illumination; glow; lamp; light
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
uncle; old man; mister; manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
to that extent; to that degree; so much; so
frightening; scary; (arch.) extreme; (arch.) exaggerated; (arch.) huge
law; regulation; rule; code; agreement; arrangement
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
exile; banishment; eviction; elimination (e.g. of poverty); removal
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener); like that; that sort of
questions and answers; dialogue
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly