warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
honor; honour; credit; prestige
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
thoughtless; reckless; rash; excessive; unreasonable; immoderate
to wield; to brandish; to display (one's knowledge); to show off; to abuse (one's power); to manipulate someone
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to strike back at; to bite back; to turn on; to rise against; to oppose; to defy
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
insurrection; rebellion; revolt; riot; uprising
by means of; due to; because of; according to
interruption; suspension; break
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
alien (from another planet)
to trample; to crush underfoot
among (other things); especially; particularly; inter alia; above all (else)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
style; way; shape; form; appearance; state
throne; crown; government position; court rank; social standing; rank; grade (of quality, etc.)
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)