I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
selection; choice; option
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
meaning; significance; sense
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that gentleman; that lady; he; she
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to stop by; to drop in for a short visit
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
in that way; thus; so; so?
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
seeing through (a trick, someone's mind, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
occasionally; once in a while; seldom; casually; unexpectedly; accidentally
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
of course; certainly; naturally