Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
how long; how far; how much
to pass (of time); to elapse
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
don't you think?; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
already; now; no longer; not any more
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
now; the present time; just now; another; more
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am
perhaps; possibly; maybe; if; in case; in the event that
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
lightly; gaping wide; suddenly; unexpectedly
to have a hole; to be pierced (with a hole)
feeling; sense; impression
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah