mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
trivial; not amounting to much
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
examination table (at a doctor's office)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to change; to swap; to change the object of one's interest or focus; to spend or take time; to infect; to permeate something with the smell or colour of something; to move on to the next or different stage of (a plan, etc.)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
this and that; this or that; one thing after another
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
door (Western-style, car, etc.)
to be shut; to close; to be locked; to tighten; to be tightened; to become sober
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
how; in what way; how about
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
perhaps; likely; probably; I dare say
now; the present time; just now; another; more
medical science; medicine
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to tear off; to peel off; to rip off; to strip off; to skin; to flay
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
cardio-pulmonary function
stability; steadiness; equilibrium