Cetus (constellation); the Whale
palace; tonic (of the Japanese and Chinese pentatonic scale); ancient Chinese punishment (castration for men, or confinement for women); zodiacal sign
morning star; Venus; preeminent person (within their own field); star (of the stage, silver screen, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
reclamation (e.g. wasteland); cultivation; development; pioneering; opening up (e.g. new market); breaking new ground
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to leak out; to escape; to find expression; to give vent; to leak out; to be divulged
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
generation; the world; the age
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
as (X, then Y); with; in accordance with; in proportion to
union; alliance; combination; RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
confrontation; opposition; antagonism
to deepen; to heighten; to intensify
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
outbreak (e.g. of war); outburst; sudden occurrence
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
government; administration
war potential; military strength; fighting power; ability (to compete); capabilities; valuable asset
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
diploma; licence; license
publication; issue (of journal, newspaper, etc.); issue (of banknotes, bonds, passport, etc.); raising an event (software)
official recognition; authorization; authorisation; licence; license; accreditation
pirate; sea robber; buccaneer; freebooter
birth; creation; formation
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to run; to dash; to gallop (on horseback); to canter; (arch.) to advance (against one's enemy); (arch.) to charge (on horseback)