indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
ultrahigh speed; ultrafast
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
of course; certainly; naturally
(instruction) manual; operations manual; basic rules (pertaining to how a job should be carried out); (car with) manual transmission
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
existence; being; presence
unexpected; unforeseen; accidental
situation; (present) state of affairs; circumstances
at (a time or place); in; in (a situation, matter, etc.); on (a point); on the part of; under the authority of
crew (of a ship, airplane, etc.); crew member
especially; particularly; above all; portioning out (servings of food)
ship's captain; skipper; length of a ship; boatman
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
left and right; right and left; (asserting) control; influence; one's attendants; people accompanying one
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
large bird; peng (giant bird said to transform from a fish); fenghuang (Chinese phoenix)
girls college (esp. in names of Christian schools)
yacht (esp. a sailing boat with one mast); sailing boat; sailboat
department (in an organization, company, etc.); division; club (at a school, university, etc.); team; part; portion
to take (someone) along; to bring along; to be accompanied by
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
low (level, value, price, etc.)
propulsive power; driving force