gold (Au); golden; prosperous; money (esp. ōban coin); cash
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
people (of a country); nation; citizen; national
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
Benten (goddess of arts and wisdom)
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
Full speed ahead!; Full steam ahead!
goal; target; aim; mark; sign; landmark
morning star; Venus; preeminent person (within their own field); star (of the stage, silver screen, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
comprehension; consent; understanding; OK; roger (on two-way radio)
the end; the extremity; the limit; the limits; the result
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
shooting star; falling star; meteor; blaze (wide white stripe down the face of a horse)
desire; wish; request; entreaty; prayer; (written) application
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
anyone; anybody; everyone; everybody; whoever
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)