indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
definitely; absolutely; without doubt; absolute; unconditional
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to send (someone) back; to send (someone) home
to flap (wings); to spread one's wings; to go out into the world
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
after (practically) no time; immediately after; just; having no time to
Satori; folklore monster that can read minds
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
repatriation; return; (electrical) feedback
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; period; class
the entire strength; all hands; all the members
sky; the skies; high-altitude sky; upper air
vigilance; caution; alertness; precaution; being on guard
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be negligent in doing something; to shirk; to be off one's guard
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
desire; wish; request; entreaty; prayer; (written) application
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
suffix for familiar person
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
driver (of a vehicle); screwdriver; driver (golf); driver; device driver
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
lightning; thunder; god of thunder; god of lightning; anger; fit of anger
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor