barrier; gate; seki (in go); mutual life
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
driver (of a vehicle); screwdriver; driver (golf); driver; device driver
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
introduction; presentation; referral; listing
after all is said and done; no matter what people say; in the end; definitely; undeniably
lightning; flash of lightning; lightning bolt
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
original; unique; distinctive; independent; one's own; personal
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
development; exploitation
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
brave; valiant; gallant; stirring; vigorous; rousing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
sweet (e.g. young girls, flowers blooming); touchingly lovely; cute; pitiful; pitiable
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
daily output; Nissan (Japanese car company)
next; next person; room adjoining a noble's parlor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
powerful; strong; forceful; reassuring; encouraging
protection; defense; providence; amulet; charm
cornerstone; main point; requirement; need; necessary; required
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
bow (weapon); archery; bow (for a violin, etc.)
to set up (a house, store, etc.); to build; to have at the ready (e.g. a gun); to hold in preparation (e.g. a camera); to adopt a posture; to assume a stance; to put on an air
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
city centre (center) (esp. capital city); urban centre; heart of city a metropolis
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous