right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to sing; to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.); to compose a poem; to recite a poem
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to be called; to do
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
(Ogura) Hyakunin Isshu; classical Japanese anthology of one hundred Japanese waka by one hundred poets; hyakunin isshu karuta; hyakunin isshu poetry cards
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
knowing; (an) acquaintance
karuta game in which players race to grab cards associated with a given reading
bozu mekuri; bonze turnup; card game played with a hyakunin isshu deck
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
originally; by nature; from the start
mountain villa; mountain retreat; mountain cottage
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
fusuma; Japanese sliding screen
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to decorate; to ornament; to display; to exhibit; to mark (e.g. the day with a victory); to adorn (e.g. the front page)
coloured paper; colored paper
form; tense; adjective; i-adjective (in Japanese)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
ancient and modern times; all ages; past and present
to surpass; to outstrip; to excel
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
apiece; each; at a time; piecemeal
plan; meter; measuring device; (in) total; total (of)
neck; head; dismissal; discharge
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
doing whatever one pleases