granny; grandma; gran; old lady; old woman
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
adds force or indicates command
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
please!; I'm asking you; for heaven's sake
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
finish; finishing; finishing touches
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very