indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
with a (cry of) "ah!"; with a shout (of surprise, shock, etc.); in surprise; in astonishment
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
senior (at school, work, etc.); superior; elder; older person; predecessor
funny; amusing; strange; odd; wrong; unsuitable
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
originally; from the start; from the beginning; none the worse (for); (coming out) even; in the same position (as before)
funny; amusing; strange; odd; wrong; unsuitable
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
in a daze; absent-mindedly; dimly; hazily; with a roar (of flames); with a whoosh
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
large river; epic (of a novel, drama, etc.); long-form; large-scale
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
soon; before long; slowly; quietly; already; about time
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
major cleanup; spring cleaning
usual; normal; everyday; usually; normally; generally
very; considerably; by no means; not readily; middle; half-way point
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
decorative paper envelope for giving New Year's gifts (usu. money given to children) and congratulatory gifts
inner part; interior; living quarters (at the back of a house); inner room; recesses (of one's mind); bottom (of one's heart)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
tatami mat; Japanese straw floor coverings
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows