that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
such; this sort of; like this
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
feces (esp. animal); excrement; dung
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
sex; sexual intercourse; (one's) sex; gender
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
promptly; immediately; quickly; indifferently
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
duty; function; office; mission; task
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
another; one more; not quite; not very good; lacking
how; in what way; how about
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
clue; lead; key; handhold; hold
to seize; to catch; to obtain; to acquire; to understand; to grasp
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!