to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to become used to seeing; to be familiar with
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
kotatsu; table over an electric heater (orig. a charcoal brazier in a floor well) with a hanging quilt that retains heat
something like ...; something called ...
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
to see; to witness; to observe; to catch sight of; to get a glimpse of; to encounter
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
originally; primarily; essentially; intrinsically; proper; rightful
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
time; season; period; phase; stage
-ical; -ive; -like; -ish; (something) like; along the lines of
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
just a minute; small quantity
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
receiving in advance (e.g. wages, interest); taking before others; anticipation; being ahead of (e.g. the times); prefetch; anticipatory completion (i.e. finishing another's sentence)
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
skillful; skilled; proficient; flattery
appropriate; adequate; suitable; fitting; worthy
we; us; (arch.) I; (arch.) me; (arch.) you (referring to a group of one's equals or inferiors)
host (of a party, summit, etc.); host (of male host club)
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
sitting together in a circle; happy circle; harmony
service; help; discount; discounted item; free service; freebie; service
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to one's heart's content; as much as one wants
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
enjoyment; pleasure; diversion; amusement; hobby
please (give me); please (do for me)