indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to master (a skill); proprietor; manager; leader; chief; master (of arts, science, etc.); master (recording)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
Okinawa (city, prefecture)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
young lady of noble birth; princess (esp. in Western contexts, tales, etc.); girl; small; cute; (arch.) prostitute
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress