ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
yuzu (Citrus ichangensis x C. reticulata)
any more; any further; any better; any longer
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
irresponsible; perfunctory; lukewarm; half-baked; reasonable; moderate
concentration; focusing; convergence; within a collection of works
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
examination; quiz; test; tryout; rehearsal (in filming)
study; diligence; discount; reduction
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to help; to assist; to aid; to contribute to; to be a factor in
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
loveable; very likeable; like very much
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling
honorific/polite/humble prefix
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
humour; humor; safety; health; in a good mood; in high spirits
to harm; to hurt; to injure; to miss one's chance to (do something); to fail to (do what one ought to have done)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
at least; at most; (even) just
rank; place (e.g. first place); decimal place; counter for ghosts
within; inside of; less than
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)