if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
(ancient) Japan; Yamato (former province located in present-day Nara Prefecture)
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
height; stature; length (esp. of clothing); all (one has); everything; magnificence (of a waka poem, etc.)
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
look!; there!; here!; that is
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to climb over; to get over; to surmount; to overcome; to surpass; to overtake
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to gather; to collect; to assemble
while; even though; despite
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
another meeting; meeting again; reunion
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
adventure; venture; venture which is unlikely to succeed; risky attempt; danger
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
(I) will; (I) shall; let's; (I) wonder (if); might it be (that); hey
huff!; yo-heave-ho!; heigh-ho; to butter up; to suck up to
to fail; to blunder; to mess up; to be dismissed; to be fired
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
adds force or indicates command