year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
March; third month of the lunar calendar
first day of the month; the first of the month
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
alone; by oneself; on one's own
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to stand (up); to rise; to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.); to be situated (in, on); to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.); to put oneself (in a position or situation); to leave (to do something)
time; hour; period; class
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
hideout; secret base of operations; safe house
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to lose (something); to get rid of; to eliminate; to remove
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
embankment; bank; beef sinew stewed in miso and mirin
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
river; stream; River; the ... river
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to turn toward; to look (up, down, etc.); to face (e.g. east) (of a building, window, etc.); to look out on; to point (of an arrow, compass needle, etc.); to be suited to
to sit (down); to have a seat; to be seated; to assume (a position); to take on (a duty); to occupy (a post)
courage; bravery; valour; valor; nerve; boldness
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
after that; afterwards; thereafter
almost; nearly; for the most part; roughly; approximately; about