year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
August; eighth month of the lunar calendar
tenth day of the month; ten days
holiness; sacredness; sanctity; dignity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
declaration of war; proclamation of war
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
latest; newest; late-breaking (news)
January; first month of the lunar calendar
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to be defeated; to be beaten; to be unsuccessful; to lose
to leave; to go away; to pass; to elapse; to be distant; to send away; to drive off
pride; boast; credit (to)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
name; given name; first name
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
eleven; team (of eleven players; esp. in soccer)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
numeral; figure; digit; numeric character
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
Japanese person; Japanese people
Sunday; day (of the month); counter for days; Japan
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
curtain; bunting; act (in play)
work (film, book); production; creation; turning (something) out
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to set free; to let go; to release; to miss (e.g. a chance); to lose; to let get away
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
collection; recovery; withdrawal; retrieval
gas (state of matter, e.g. poison gas, natural gas); gasoline; gas; dense fog; thick fog; gas stove
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least